IFR报告：中、日、韩、美、德5国工业机器人装机量分别是多少？
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September 18, 2019 – The World Robotics report presented by the International Federation of Robotics (IFR) shows an annual global sales value of 16.5 billion USD in 2018 – a new record. 422,000 units were shipped globally in 2018 - an increase of 6 percent compared to the previous year. IFR forecasts shipments in 2019 will recede from the record level in 2018, but expects an average growth of 12 percent per year from 2020 to 2022.
2019年9月18日——国际机器人联合会（IFR）发布的《世界机器人报告》显示，全球机器人年销售额达165亿美元，再创历史新高。2018年全球装机量为422,000台，比上年增长6%。IFR预测2019年的出货量将较2018年有所回落，但从2020年到2022年，预计平均每年增长率可保持在12%。
Asia is the world's largest industrial robot market. In 2018, there was a mixed picture for the three largest Asian markets: Installations in China and the Republic of Korea declined, while Japan increased considerably. In total, Asia grew by 1%. Robot installations in the second largest market, Europe, increased by 14% and reached a new peak for the sixth year in a row. In the Americas, the growth rate reached 20% more than the year before which also marks a new record level for the sixth year in a row.
亚洲是世界上最大的工业机器人市场。在2018年，亚洲三大市场可谓喜忧参半：中国和韩国的装机量下降，而日本大幅增长。总体上看，亚洲市场增长了1%。机器人装机量第二大市场的欧洲连续第六年递增，同比去年增长了14%，创历史新高。实现了装机量连续六年递增的还有美洲市场，2018年的增长率为20%，也取得历史新高。
世界前五大市场
Five major industrial robot markets represent 74 percent of global installations in 2018: China, Japan, Republic of Korea, the United States and Germany.
2018年前五大工业机器人市场占全球装机量的74%，这五大市场为中国、日本、韩国、美国和德国。
China remains the world´s largest industrial robot market with a share of 36% of total installations. In 2018, about 154,000 units were installed. This is 1% less compared to the previous year but more than the number of robots installed in Europe and the Americas together. The value of installations reached 5.4 billion USD – 21% higher than in 2017.
中国仍然是世界上最大的工业机器人市场，占全球市场装机量的36%。2018年，装机量约154,000台，虽然较2017年下降了1%，但依然超过欧洲和美洲装机量的总和。2018年中国市场机器人装机量总价值达到54亿美元，比2017年增长了21%。
Chinese robot suppliers increased their share of total installations on the domestic market by 5 percentage points (2018: 27% vs. 2017: 22%). This result is in line with China´s policy to promote domestic manufacturers. Installations of foreign robot suppliers on the other hand (including units produced in China by non-Chinese suppliers) decreased by 7% to about 113,000 units (2017: about 122,000 units). This reduction is also caused by a weakening automobile industry.
中国本土机器人在国内市场的总装机量增加了5%（2018年为27%，2017年为22%），这是中国鼓励自主品牌机器人政策带来的效果。另一方面，外资品牌的装机量（包括非中国供应商在中国生产的产品）下降了7%，约为113,000台（2017年约122,000台），这主要是由于汽车行业不景气导致的。
Japan´s robot sales increased by 21% to about 55,000 units, representing the highest value ever for the country. The average annual growth rate of 17% since 2013 is remarkable for a market with an already highly automated industrial production. Japan is the world´s number one industrial robot manufacturer and delivered 52% of the global supply in 2018.
日本的机器人销量增长了21%，达到55,000台左右，是历年来的最高值。对于日本这样一个已经具有高度自动化工业生产的市场来说，自2013年以来创造了17%的年均增长率，这颇为令人瞩目。日本是世界第一大工业机器人制造商，2018年占全球出货量的52%。
Robot installations in the United States increased for the eighth year in a row to a new peak in 2018 and reached about 40,300 units. This is 22% higher than in 2017. Since 2010, the driver of the growth in all manufacturing industries in the U.S. has been the ongoing trend to automate production in order to strengthen the U.S. industries in both domestic and global markets. Regarding annual installations, the country has taken third position from the Republic of Korea.
美国的机器人装机量连续八年增长，在2018年创造新的纪录，达40,300台，较2017年增长22%。从2010年以来，自动化生产的持续趋势驱动着美国所有制造业的增长，来稳固美国工业在国内和全球市场。就年装机量而言，美国取代韩国成为了全球第三大市场。
The annual robot installations in the Republic of Korea declined by 5% – about 38,000 units have been sold in 2018. The robot market strongly depends on the electronics industry that had a tough year. Nevertheless, installations have increased by 12% on average per year since 2013.
韩国的年机器人装机量下降了5%——2018年约售出38,000台。韩国机器人市场在很大程度上依赖于在2018年经历了较为艰难的电子行业。不过，韩国自2013年起的装机量年均增速仍保持了12%的水平。
Germany is the fifth largest robot market in the world and number one in Europe, followed by Italy and France. In 2018, the number of robots sold increased by 26% to almost 27,000 units – an all-time record. Installations are mainly driven by the automotive industry.
德国是世界第五大机器人市场，在欧洲排名第一，其次是意大利和法国。2018年，德国机器人销量增长26%，接近27,000台。
机器人在全球的行业应用
The automotive industry remains the largest adopter of robots globally with a share of almost 30%of the total supply (2018). After a very strong year 2017 that saw a 21% increase of installations, this level was maintained and slightly increased by 2% in 2018. Investments in new car production capacities and in modernization have driven the demand for robots. Using new materials, developing energy efficient drive systems and high competition in all major car markets pushed for investments. 79% of industrial robot installations took place in 5 key markets: China (39,351 units), Japan (17,346 units), Germany (15,673 units), the United States (15,246 units) and the Republic of Korea (11,034 units). Interestingly, India, the world’s fourth largest vehicle producer by OICA´s production statistics, had just about 2,100 industrial robots installed in its automotive industry.
汽车行业仍然是全球最大的机器人应用行业，其份额几乎为总供应量的30%（2018年）。在经历了2017年汽车行业21%新增装机量的强劲增长后，汽车行业的机器人装机量一直保持在这一水平并在2018年略增加了2%。汽车新产能的投资和和现代化进程推动了汽车产业对机器人的需求。新材料的使用，节能驱动系统的开发，主要汽车市场间的激烈竞争推动了其对机器人对投资。汽车行业中79%的工业机器人装机量分布在5个重点市场：中国（39,351台）、日本（17,346台）、德国（15,673台）、美国（15,246台）和韩国（11,034台）。有趣的是，根据OICA的生产数据，作为世界第四大汽车生产国的印度，2018年在汽车行业的装机量仅为2,100台。
The electrical/electronics industry was about to replace the automotive industry as the most important customer for industrial robots in 2017. However, in 2018, global demand for electronic devices and components substantially decreased. This customer industry is probably the one most affected by the US-China trade crisis as Asian countries are leaders in manufacturing electronic products and components. Robot installations in this industry declined by 14% from their peak level of about 122,000 units in 2017 to 105,000 units in 2018. 79% of the total installations in the electrical/electronics industry were installed in three countries with major production sites: China (43%), Republic of Korea (19%), Japan (17%). Vietnam saw a one-off boost of installations in 2017 driven by a few major projects (7,080 units), but dropped back in 2018 (689 units).
电气/电子行业在2017年几乎要取代汽车行业成为工业机器人最主要的应用行业。然而，在2018年，全球对电子设备和组件的需求持续减少。这个用户行业可能是受美中贸易摩擦影响最大的行业，因为亚洲是电子产品和组件的重要生产地，因此机器人在这个行业的装机量下降了14%。电气/电子行业机器人装机量最高在2017年曾达到122,000台，2018年降至105,000台。在电气/电子行业的机器人装机量中的79%主要来自三个国家：中国（43%）、韩国（19%）和日本（17%）。越南2017年在几个主要项目的推动下安装量增加到7,080台，但在2018年下跌至689台。
The metal and machinery industry established itself as the third largest customer industry.
金属和机械工业是机器人的第三大用户行业。
Installations accounted for 10% of total demand in 2018. Both producers of metal products (without automotive parts) and producers of industrial machinery, have bought substantial amounts of robots in recent years. Installations rose to about 43,500 units in 2018. This is 1% less than in the record year of 2017 (44,191 units). The metal and machinery industry was the largest customer industry in Finland (44%), Sweden (42%), Switzerland (40%), Belgium (30%), Austria (27%), Italy (26%) and Denmark (21%).
2018年装机量占全球总量的10%。2018年的装机量增至约43,500台，较2017年（44,191台）下降了1%。金属和机械工业是以下几个国家中最大的应用行业，分别为芬兰（44%）、瑞典（42%）、瑞士（40%）、比利时（30%）、奥地利（27%）、意大利（26%）和丹麦（21%）。
专为协同使用而设计的机器人（Cobot）
For the first time, World Robotics analyses the market for collaborative industrial robots (cobots). Cobots are designed to perform tasks in the same workspace as human workers. The IFR definition implies that a cobot is necessarily an industrial robot as defined in ISO 8372:2012. Despite a very strong media attention of cobots, the number of units installed is still very low with a share of 3.24% only. In 2018, less than 14,000 out of more than 422,000 industrial robots installed, were cobots. The year before that, roughly 11,100 units were cobots. From 2017 to 2018, annual installations of cobots increased by 23%.
《全球机器人》报告首次分析了协作工业机器人（cobot）的市场。协作机器人旨在与人在同一工作空间中执行任务。IFR这个定义意味着协作机器人必然是符合iso8372:2012标准的工业机器人。尽管协作机器人引起了媒体的强烈关注，但安装的设备数量仍然很少，仅占3.24%。2018年，在安装的422,000多台工业机器人中，只有不到14,000台机器人是协作机器人。在2017年大约有11,100个单位是协作机器人。从2017年到2018年，协作机器人的年度安装量增长了23％。
2018年全球年销售额为165亿美元，这是根据各国机器人协会报告的预测数值。这个数值仅包括机器人，如果把软件、外围设备和系统工程计算在内，这个数值大约为500亿美元。
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