Ranging and Localization in Wireless Sensor Network
Liu Gang, Zhou Xingshe, Ma Junyan, Wang Gang
Abstract: A wireless sensor network integrates sensor, MEMS and communication networks. More and more academic researchers and insiders are engaged in developing wireless sensor networks due to their bright future with various applications. In this paper, range-based localization is discussed in detail and our acoustic-based ranging approach is presented, then the algorithm performance and some conclusions are provided.
l 当测距较远时,如果是在室内回音对于测距结果影响很大,即使采用最小值滤波法也不会得到稳定的值。为了消除回音的影响,应该将蜂鸣器的发声时间间隔取小,两次发声之间的时间间隔取大,从而消除室内回音影响,在采用上述方法消除回音的影响之后,在长距离的测量中得到稳定而正确的数据;
l 对于距离的分辨率,可以通过改变Listener计时器触发的时间间隔来控制,也就是 call Timer.start2(TIMER_REPEAT,10),将第二个参数的数值变小可以提高,但不能变得太小,太小的话会使其负载增大,反而使测量结果不准确。另外由于麦克风不够灵敏的原因将其值设置得太小对测量结果影响不大。实验表明10厘米的分辨率是一个比较好的取值,而且国外大部分采用声音测距的误差也是10厘米,由于硬件本身的因素,误差无法进一步减小;
l 该方法的定位时间比较长,不如信号强度定位好,适用于节点间相对位置较为稳定或者变化速度不是很快的网络拓扑结构中的定位。
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